Qualifications to Become a Member of the Roman Senate

Capabilities to Become a Member of the Roman Senate In verifiable fiction individuals from the Roman Senate or youngsters who avoid their metro duties yet who are senatorial material are rich. Did they need to be? Were there property or different capabilities to turn into an individual from the Roman Senate? The response to this inquiry is one that I have to rehash all the more regularly: Ancient Roman history traversed two centuries and over that time, things changed. A few current recorded fiction puzzle essayists, similar to David Wishart, are managing the early piece of the Imperial Period, known as the Principate. Property Requirements Augustus founded a property necessity for congresspersons. The total he set it at was, from the outset, 400,000 sesterces, yet then he raised the necessity to 1,200,000 sesterces. Men who required assistance meeting this prerequisite were as of now given awards. Should they botch their assets, they were required to step down. Preceding Augustus, nonetheless, the determination of representatives was in the hands of the controls and before the organization of the workplace of blue pencil, choice was by the individuals, rulers, diplomats, or consular tribunes. The representatives chose were from the well off, and by and large from the individuals who had just held a situation as officer. In the time of the Roman Republic, there were 300 representatives, however then Sulla expanded their number to 600. In spite of the fact that the clans chose the first men to fill the additional positions, Sulla expanded the magistracies so there would be ex-justices later on to warm the senate seats. Number of Senators When there was an overflow, blue pencils cut the overabundance. Under Julius Caesar and the triumvirs, the quantity of congresspersons expanded, however Augustus carried the number down to Sullan levels. By the third century A.D. the number may have arrived at 800-900. Age Requirement Augustus seems to have changed the age at which one could become congressperson, decreasing it from maybe 32 to 25. Roman Senate References Seating Space in the Roman Senate and the Senatores PedariiLily Ross Taylor and Russell T. ScottTransactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association Vol. 100, (1969), pp. 529-582A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, by Sir William SmithA Summary of the Roman Civil Law, by Patrick Mac Chombaich de Colquhoun

Are humans naturally good or naturally evil Essay

Are people normally acceptable or normally underhanded? Paul Bloom’s (analyst) answer is yes. Most grown-ups know wrong from right, for the excep*on of psychos. The legends who act the hero, the ones that are frustrated, by a portion of the things that happen in our general public and the demonstration of graciousness. There is a push to make the miscreants pay for what they commi-ed, help the penniless, likewise emo*onal reactions that spin around ethical quality. Research in labs, demonstrate the case that feeling of good and fiendishness are reared in the bone. Infants and little children can pass judgment on others ac*ons dependent on whether they are underhanded or acceptable. They feel a similar route about abhorrent and terrible and respond a similar path as grown-ups. They likewise like Nikki Daniel 2/12/14 first recent development of quarter 3 for each 2 the individuals who do as well. In view of their conduct, their decisions and ac*ons we can determine what they like and abhorrence. There is breaking point to ethical quality. Infants start moderate and afterward begin considering themselves to be a gathering. Most people acquire general good thoughts. Our ac*ons fall low contrast with our ethical standards. Communica*ng with individuals with indistinguishable ethics and qualities from you is a major piece of growing up to be a decent individual. This exploration may change the way that numerous individuals feel about their infants and youngsters. Some think babies are terrible seeds others think they are sociopaths. Our encompassing can change our regular good detects. Understanding good brain research can make the world a be-er place. The Nikki Daniel 2/12/14 first recent development of quarter 3 for each 2 study of infant ethical quality is about human instincts best and most exceedingly awful. It is really pre-y objective that children and li-le children can tell the di5erence between great from terrible. I think with individuals with be-er profound quality, the world would be a be-er place. Numerous individuals have confidence in a certain something and accomplish something totally di5erent. I gained some new useful knowledge. Truly, I thought babies’ cerebrum resembled a size of a nut and didn't know directly from wrong. I realized they could detect when somebody is a decent individual or awful individual however I didn't think pretty much the entirety of this.

Using Guided Imagery for Stress Management

Using Guided Imagery for Stress Management Stress Management Management Techniques Print Using Guided Imagery for Stress Management By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on June 24, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Using guided imagery, you can see yourself walking down a less stressful path. Robert Deutschman/Getty Images Guided imagery is an effective stress management technique and has remained popular for several reasons.  It can quickly calm your body and simultaneously relax your mind.  Its pleasant to practice, and not overly difficult or intimidating to learn.  And it can help you to de-stress in minutes, but can also be a useful strategy for maintaining resilience toward stress during difficult times.   If this sounds like something you can use in your life, read more about when guided imagery is used, and how it may be a useful go-to stress reliever for you. Guided Imagery’s Effects on the Body Guided imagery has been found to provide significant stress reduction benefits, including physically relaxing the body quickly and efficiently and even helping participants get in touch with deeper levels of wisdom (held on a subconscious level) that would help them better manage their lives in ways that would reduce stress. The studies demonstrating the health benefits of imagery are so numerous that many hospitals are incorporating imagery as an option to help with treatment. Fortunately, its a simple enough technique that it can be used at home as well, with positive results. What’s Involved? With the help of a guided imagery recording, a professional helper, or just one’s own imagination, those who practice guided imagery get into a deeply relaxed state and envision, with great detail relating to all of the senses, a relaxing scene. This scene may be something in the natural world like a beautiful waterfall in Hawaii with sparkling and refreshing water at the bottom or a cool and dense forest where you may take a calming walk in your imagination. It could also be a relaxing or happy event such as a vividly-imagined scene where you discover a $50 bill on the sidewalk and eat a delicious meal in a restaurant by the beach, or win the lottery and buy whatever you want. Those why use guided imagery for stress relief may also imagine a wise ‘guide’ with them, answering their questions and asking them questions that they must ponder in order to get to a better place in their lives. (This ‘guide’ is a representation of their subconscious mind that they aren’t general ly able to access.) What Are the Pros? Imagery can provide relaxation, insight, and wisdom. It is a free stress relieving therapy and, with practice, can be done just about anywhere.  It can help you to relieve physical tension and psychological stress at the same time, distracting you from what may be stressing you, and getting you into a more positive frame of mind. In this way, it can also be useful in disrupting patterns of rumination and can help you to build resources in your life that increase your resilience toward stress by engaging an upward spiral of positivity.  (Read more about that here.) What Are the Cons? Like self-hypnosis, it can take some practice to master autonomous guided imagery. Working with a professional therapist to get to that point can be somewhat costly, but worthwhile.  Alternatively, there are many downloadable recordings you can use to get started or follow the simple  instructions in this article on guided imagery. How Does It Compare To Other Stress Reduction Methods? For the benefits it provides, it’s an excellent stress management option. It can be easier than exercise or even yoga for those with physical limitations. It has no risk of side effects like some medical and herbal therapies. Using it for simple relaxation is easy and can be done by just about anyone, but accessing an internal ‘guide’ takes more practice than other methods like progressive muscle relaxation or breathing exercises. It’s similar to self-hypnosis in that you’re getting into a deep state of relaxation and dealing with your subconscious mind. However, with self-hypnosis, you’re more often implanting ideas into your subconscious mind, whereas imagery focuses more on extracting ideas from it.

Similarities Between Hinduism And Confucianism - 856 Words

Hinduism and Confucianism are two well known religions that have been around for thousands of years. they have a lot of similarities, but also some differences. Both religions are located in Asia, while Hinduism is mainly in India, and Confucianism is in China. Both religions are based around the people’s actions as well as the meaning of life, which are shown through their strict society and social structures. Even though they’re different, both religions have 3 principles or values they go by. They are two of the most peaceful religions on the planet, with both their goals being to bring order in human existence, they both look to bettering the lives of the people within them. Hinduism and Confucianism both believe very much in education and social statues, which is why they have strict policies on them. They have both influenced philosophy greatly since their existence in the early times. Overall, both Hinduism and Confucianism look for the common good that will help enforce peace and brotherhood. Their belief systems go on a basis of making their followers act accordingly, helping to run their government and set a stable mindset for its people. Hinduism, the world’s oldest religion, is the third largest religion in the world after Islam and Christianity with close to one billion followers. The followers of the religion are called Hindus and are mainly located in India, and their place of worship is a temple. The religion doesn’t have any one specific founder, however,Show MoreRelatedSimilarities and Differences between Confucianism in China and Hinduism in India1504 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Confucianism originated in China by Confucius around the year 400 B.C.E. (faithresource.com†¦). Hinduism was brought to India by the Aryans around the year 1500 B.C.E. (janesvilleparker.org†¦). Although these two belief systems originated at different times they still share many similarities as well as many differences. Confucianism and Hinduism are two religions that shared many similarities. Such similarities are the idea that both were used as an outline for the way one should live his/herRead MoreSimilarities Between Confucianism And Buddhism1124 Words   |  5 PagesThere are a number of similarities between the eastern religions and philosophies of Confucianism, Buddhism and Hinduism. While Hinduism is centered around a supreme being, Buddhism and Confucianism are centered around the teachings of a man. Each encourages moral behavior, ethical values, such as non-violence, charity, and a respect for the universe. To better understand the philosophical similarities and differences between Confucianism, Buddhism and Hinduism, it is important first to considerRead MoreSimilarities Between Confucianism And Confucianism893 Words   |  4 Pages For centuries, Eastern religions and philosophies of Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism Daoism have been practiced by millions. Three similarities disting uishable by all four practices is the focus and teachings of virtuous humanistic practices, compassion and respect for the world around us. Although, similar in intentions each system carries unique attributes. In 1027 BCE after the rebel tribe, Zhou overthrew the Shang dynasty a time of cultural sophistication, and philosophical achievementRead MoreThe Main Features Of Egyptian And Mesopotamian Civilizations1364 Words   |  6 Pagescivilizations? What were their main differences in values and organization? To compare Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations, one can look at their organization, academic achievements, and economic styles. In terms of organization, there were many similarities. Both were agriculturally based. In both societies, the leader held divine status. However, differences arise when comparing their academics. Both societies developed mostly equal science and elaborate art. However, Mesopotamia developed a moreRead MoreThe Founding And Spread Of Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, And Hinduism1671 Words   |  7 Pagestheir own way, certain aspects connect them and allow one to see how they all, in some way, influence each other. When analyzing the founding and spread of Buddhism, Sikhism, Confucianism, and Hinduism, it is evident that although there are many distinguishing differences between the four religions, there are multiple similarities that link them all with each other. The word Buddhism is derived from the word â€Å"budhi†, to awaken, so it makes sense that the creation of the religion begins with its founder’sRead MoreA Brief Note On The Japanese Religion Of Shintoism1446 Words   |  6 Pagesappeasing the Gods. 6. The main similarity is that they are all monotheistic- meaning they believe in one god and worship one and only one god that is divine and created the world. This is different because this one god controls the destiny of all people and there is no one that can speak to or pacify the spirits. 7. - Humans struggled to understand the world and their place in it. - These beliefs found a way to define and explain the relationship between Cosmos and the community. - TheyRead MorePhilosophies of China and India Essay858 Words   |  4 PagesChina and India have many philosophical schools of thought. There are multiple similarities as well as a plethora of differences. While China has a wide range of thoughts concerning eternal salvation and everyday rule, India is more narrow-minded in their approach. The differences are astounding and the similarities are few and far between. Each nation has a distinctly different school of thought, which ultimately led to the establishment of their current day societies. China has many differentRead MoreConfucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, And Platonism1045 Words   |  5 Pagesthe four views of human nature that we have studied so far – Confucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Platonism – critically examining their similarities and differences. Also, I’ll be explaining which one I think provides the most plausible understanding of what we are. First, I will introduce each of the four views of human nature by defining them. Then, I will elaborate and thoroughly explain what each one claims that we are. Confucianism is a system of philosophical and ethical-sociopolitical teachingsRead MoreChristianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, And Confucianism1472 Words   |  6 Pagesyou look at it in the right fashion†, to â€Å"exactly alike†. In any case, there are many examples, and counterexamples of universal ideas between the â€Å"main† seven religions: Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism, which will be explored in the remainder of this essay. Arguments could be made on how all religions share a similarity. For example, all religions were persecuted by outsiders at some point. Perhaps the most dramatic example of this was the mass genocideRead MoreChinese and Indian Culture Essay857 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Chinese and Indian Cultures China and India have had close connections for many centuries. Similarities and differences can be found in many of their cultural aspects. Both India and China flourished as river cultures in regions surrounded by mountains. They relied heavily on agriculture which was supported by the rich soils of the river basins. (Witt, et al., 2001, p.443) Looking at the areas of religion and philosophy, architecture, and music, will bring to light some of those aspects and the

The Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare - 1724 Words

As humans we are attracted to tragedy in our everyday lives. For the horror, understanding and contemplation of human nature what else can offer a better summary than Shakespeare? In the play the Tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare the story progresses through the vision of the protagonist, Macbeth. Throughout the story Macbeth aspires to obtain more power than his original position, as sergeant, provides. With many dastardly deeds he achieves the position of king, although he becomes a tyrant in the eyes of his people after they discover his wrongdoings. Readers experience the downfall of Macbeth’s morality at a slow but intriguing pace. Albeit, most would disagree that Macbeth was only a vessel of his own fate due to intervening characters throughout the play such as the witches and Lady Macbeth. When choosing who inspired this fate we have to acknowledge all actions which led to his own actions, therefore Macbeth’s demise was a response to every character portr ayed throughout the play. The beginning of Macbeth’s downfall is sparked by an idea, derived from Macbeth hearing the prophecy from the witches. Their importance is weighed through their delivery of the prophecy as Macbeth’s catalyst and because they determine the mood periodically throughout the play. The witches dialogues provide deep insight due to them having the ability to introduce Macbeth and the upcoming events. Yet, they also show many different aspects of Macbeth before the reader even meets theShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1205 Words   |  5 PagesThe first tragic story created in ancient Greece. Tragedies were written as a form of catharsis or purgation of emotions. In these types of plays, the audience finds characters in which they can relate to which is a tragic hero. The tragic hero creates his own failures based upon their own actions and produces a detrimental fate for himself. The process of the protagonist’s fall is based upon the tragi c structure. The structure of a tragedy consists of the exposition, exciting force, hamartia, theRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare892 Words   |  4 Pages‘The Tragedy of Macbeth’, written between 1599 and 1606 by William Shakespeare, has been reinterpreted in the 2010 film ‘Macbeth’. The 2010 film successfully takes its own reading of Shakespeare s play; by changing the setting, the director, Rupert Goold, effectively conveys many of the key themes and issues found in the original text. Whilst transforming some on the underlying meanings to correspond to the alternative readings contemporary audiences might take from Shakespeare s Macbeth. The objectiveRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1023 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is one the greatest writer of all time. Writing hundreds of books and scripts, Shakespeare founded his most success in his plays in the 1589-1613. One of his most popular plays is the Tr agedy of Macbeth. The Tragedy of Macbeth was a turn from glory to tragedy. A story of a true tragic hero. Macbeth is a brave soldier in a war for Scotland. A tale of a great soilder that was highly praise in his kingdom turn to a tragic murderous sinful king. Macbeth kill his friends and hisRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1497 Words   |  6 PagesPractise Essay William Shakespeare effectively explores and follows the framework of the tragedy, Macbeth; a tale of systematic suffering, which foreshadows and imminently leads to the death of a great man. Essentially, it is Macbeth’s flaw – his growing ambition – which leads to these harsh repercussions. Shakespeare demonstrates his tragedy, through Aristotle’s elements and definition of tragedy, which ultimately concerns the reversal of good fortune to bad. In â€Å"Macbeth†, ambition conspires withRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1090 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tragedy of Macbeth Literary Analysis In the play The Tragedy of Macbeth, William Shakespeare uses satire as tone and irony as points of view to portray Macbeth’s unfortunately placed ambition and the manipulation that is used on him. His ambition to gain a higher status as king ends with consequences to himself and the others in his path. Shakespeare adds dramatic irony, verbal irony, and situational irony to keep the readers at the edge of their seats as well as engaged in each lie and mishapRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare739 Words   |  3 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s play, The Tragedy of Macbeth, the Death of King Duncan of Scotland occurred at Thane Macbeth’s castle, Inverness, at around four in the morning in about the year 1300. Before the murder, Macbeth imagined seeing a bloody dagger floating before him, making it appear as if he was not totally sane. The reason the murder happened was because Macbeth had met three witches in the woods that prophesized to him that he would become king of Scotland. Afterwards, Macbeth sent a letterRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare972 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Tragedy of Macbeth, William Shakespeare utilizes a series of themes through the behaviors of many different characters. Some themes seen more clearly throughout the play are those of monarchy, tyranny, and gender. Perhaps the most prominent theme in the whole play is that of the â€Å"unsexing† of Lacy Macbeth’s character. Lady Macbeth wants to act in such a way that is not connected to her gender; we see this and how it relates to the plot and her part in both the rising action and climax in theRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1052 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish II 2 October, 2015 â€Å"Tragedy† of Macbeth Macbeth, a play written by one of the most influential English writers of all time William Shakespeare. It was created to be a Shakespearean tragedy. A tragedy as Aristotle defines it as: â€Å"Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude †¦. through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions† (Aristotle: Poetics). What this is saying for a tragedy is that it should have the audienceRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1582 Words   |  7 Pagesto you and told you would be king would you trust them? Macbeth did and ultimately it led to his tragic demise. The tragedy of Macbeth was written by famous poet William Shakespeare in the earl sixteen hundredth. The play dramatizes the destructive physical and mental effects of radical ambition for people who seek authority for the benefit of an individual. Macbeth’s theme of ambition, lust for power, faith, and gullibility makes Macbeth his own antagonist, which is directly correlated to his deathRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1290 Words   |  6 Pagesdetrimentally. This is evident in the play, The Tragedy of Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare through Macbeth’s interpretation of the witches’ prophecies, perception of the security of his throne, and interpretation of what his life has become. First, Macbeth’s interpretation of the witches’ prophecies became the principle of his actions that caused for his identity to descent. To begin with, the three weird sisters presented Macbeth with three prophecies where the first two, Thane

Renaissance Changed the Individuality of Humans Free Essays

How the Renaissance Changed the Individuality of Humans The Renaissance changed how people viewed themselves from the Middle Ages when Christianity was so important. Human anatomy, man’s temperament, man’s role in the universe and people in art all show the decreased importance of Christianity and the increased importance of how individuals viewed themselves. The perception of human anatomy and its function from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance has changed greatly and diminished the importance of Christianity. We will write a custom essay sample on Renaissance Changed the Individuality of Humans or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first theory, â€Å"Zodiac Man,† believed that each sign of the zodiac ruled a part of the DOD. A zodiac is a constellation, which is part of the universe that God created. With the importance of Christianity, people in Europe at this time surely did believe that these constellations were controlling the body (Document H). Belgian physician, Andrea Vesuvius, who actually dissected the human body to better explain what actually happened, made another theory about how the human body worked. He discovered this hypothesis over 30 years after Johann; this new notion better explained how the body actually works and was more realistic (Document I). After the announcing of this new theory, the importance of how individuals viewed themselves were increased while people were starting to question how important Christianity really was. Man’s temperament through plays showed how Christianity was all that the people of the Middle Ages could think about but then there is a gradual change of how Christianity was viewed in the Renaissance. Plays were conducted for people who were illiterate, this play is written by an unknown author at the start of the Renaissance but the lines of the play carry a meaning straight out of the Middle Ages. Many at this time knew that God was perfect and people felt that they also needed to be flawless in order to go to heaven and live an eternal life. The author starts the play off by saying that sin in the beginning is â€Å"full sweet† but in the end â€Å"cachets thy soul to weep† (Document D). The author is saying that people should not commit a sin otherwise they will go to hell. He also states that the individuals should listen to what God has to say in order to live a good life. Otherwise, Shakespeare states, â€Å"what a piece of work is man† (Document E). This line, along with the rest of he excerpt is dictating that men do make mistakes; they aren’t perfect because no one is. These two passages from the plays show the different perception of religion, the excerpt from the Middle Ages is stricter on Christianity and how it is perceived thane excerpt from the Renaissance, where how sin is morally accepted because of everyone’s imperfections. Man’s role in the universe shrunk the importance of Christianity and amplified man’s sense of individuality from the different drawings of the universe and how the two developed and changed people’s understanding it. Ptolemy developed a theory f the universe that he himself and other scholars believed during the Middle Ages, and that was that earth was the center of the universe. God, having created the universe and the world in which the nation lived, the scholars believed that it would be â€Å"geocentric† (Document F). A new concept came along by Copernicus; he believed that the sun was the center of the universe by only relying on mathematics (Document G). Since the universe had been noted as being â€Å"heliocentric,† people started relying less on Christianity and started trusting themselves as individuals. People in art developed more knowledge on paintings and developed new artistic tales at the time of the Renaissance, which caused them to lead off of Christianity in their paintings and focus more on people and how they are perceived. Faces in the paintings from the Middle Ages through to the end of the Renaissance changed, scenes became less biblical and more realistic. In the Middle Ages, the painting was very religious. This biblical scene shows Mary and Jesus surrounded by angels, her face does not look accurate, especially not as accurate as a face that one would see in present time. Also, Jesus does not resemble a baby but looks more like a miniature an (Document A). With a drastic change, the Mona Lisa shocked many people with how realistic her smile is. Whenever in a room with this painting, the eyes will always follow which is a relatively new artistic style at this time (Document B). The real difference between these two paintings is that in the one from the Middle Ages, the artist does not know what Mary nor Jesus looks like because they lived in the biblical age, dying long before the Middle Ages therefore the artist trying to perceive the image of them is difficult. Contrarily, the Mona Lisa is a real model posing for the painting. In dad Vine’s work, there is no sign of a biblical scene in his objective. Leonardo portrait helped people in the Renaissance stray from Christianity and appreciate themselves as individuals. Literacy at the time of the Renaissance started to spread, more educated people started questioning the teachings of the Church. Humanism, a movement where people developed, praised the beauty and intelligence of the individual started to advance at this time. Humanism worked its way into the arts, literature, the sciences and medicine. It started to change the individuality of humans through the human anatomy and how the constellations that ere first controlling the body but have now learnt that humans are the ones to actually control themselves on what they do and say. Man’s temperament and how plays taught people that sometimes people sin because no one is perfect. Man’s role in the universe and the two different drawings show that the earth is not the center of the universe but the sun is. People in art drifted from biblical scenes and started to focus more on people and the realism in painting real figures. These things all show the decreased importance of Christianity and the increased importance of how individuals viewed themselves. How to cite Renaissance Changed the Individuality of Humans, Papers

Throwing Mechanics And Shoulder Distraction In Professional Baseball P

Throwing Mechanics And Shoulder Distraction In Professional Baseball Pitchers Werner, Sherry L. (2001) Relationship between Throwing Mechanics and Shoulder Distraction in Professional Baseball Pitchers. American Journal of Sports Medicine. Its fair to say that a good baseball game can lie in the hands of the pitcher. According to this article by the American Journal of Sports Medicine, 50 percent of professional baseball pitchers experience elbow or shoulder pain due to the way they throw the ball. Because not much research has been done on professional baseball athletes, the purpose of this publication was to find at what point in the pitchers technique does most of the damage occur. The study began by taking 40 pro-baseball pitchers, all ranging from the age of 23-33 years old with relatively the same height and weight. Also, thirty-two of the 40 selected are right-hand dominant. Then they placed 3 cameras in different parts of the field. These cameras would take still frames of the pitchers and their technique when throwing the ball. They found that at the point where there is maximum rotation (aka the cocking phase) the distraction force was low. Also, it was stated that because of the elbow angle at foot stride an d ball release that the shoulder joint was affected more so than at any other time. Finally, in order to understand why the injuries occur we should learn the joint ranges of motion so we can develop better preventive methods for injuries. I dont believe that this article is very reliable, because the way the chose their subject wasnt very scientifical. First, The range of age is too broad, and it doesnt mention how long the pitcher has been in the sport. For example, the could have chosen a 23 year old with a good arm, but bad technique compared to a 33 year old who has been pitching for years and has loosened the ligaments in his arm. Also, they selected 32 that were right-hand dominant. That became the majority. I believe that the data would be wrong if the numbers of right-handed to left-handed pitchers werent equal, because they are the control group in the experiment, which makes the variable the pitchers technique. Overall, this experiment shouldnt be considered a reference for students or others to depend on. When it comes to the relevancy of this article to the field of athletic training, I believe that it is somewhat helpful. In order to understand and prevent injuries, an athletic trainer must understand why and how the injuries happen. This article gave detailed information of the correct method of pitching. For example, it stated that the average elbow at pitchers stance was 96 degrees, but those with more flexed elbows had less shoulder distraction. So an athletic trainer can figure out if their athletes stance is off or help them loosen up the athletes shoulder so the can reach back farther. Also, the athletic trainer can help the athletic with their technique, such as their stride, or follow through based on the information attained from the experiment. I chose this article because Im a huge Cubs fan, and 2 years ago Keri Wood was having trouble with his shoulder and elbow, so I decided that maybe I can find out the history behind his problem. Well, honestly I didnt. I found out ways that he could have prevented those problems, and how he can find whatever caused them. In my opinion this wasnt a very good article when it comes to the way these people carried out the experiment, and at least I now know what to look for. Anatomy and Physiology